Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsThe Connection Between ADHD and TraumaComplications of ADHD and TraumaDiagnosisTreatmentCoping

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Table of Contents

The Connection Between ADHD and Trauma

Complications of ADHD and Trauma

Diagnosis

Treatment

Coping

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There is an increasing body of research that shows the close association between ADHD and trauma. For instance, evidence shows that trauma may exacerbate pre-existing ADHD symptoms in children.

Additionally, traumatic events can cause children to respond and behave in a way that mimics the symptoms of ADHD. For example, constant emotional arousal can resemble impulsivity and hyperactivity. This isn’t to say that trauma causes ADHD, but rather, the two can be inextricably linked, hence the growing movement for trauma-informed care interventions regarding managing ADHD.

This article discusses the connection between ADHD and trauma and how the latter can affect the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD.

While there is no causal relationship between ADHD and trauma, the two conditions are linked and can sometimes even co-occur.

ADHD and Trauma May Affect the Same Parts of the Brain

While more research is needed to uncover the reasons for the link between ADHD andchildhood trauma, it is theorized to be due to both conditions affecting the same areas of the brain, specifically the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, which are vital for memory functioning and cognitive control.

This isn’t to say thattraumawill cause someone to develop ADHD, but rather, trauma can be a contributing factor to the emergence, persistence, and severity of ADHD symptoms, as well as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity symptom clusters in those without it.

ADHD and PTSD

People With ADHD More Likely to Have PTSDAdditionally, it is also estimated that people with ADHD are roughly six times more likely to experiencepost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)than those without it.

People With ADHD More Likely to Have PTSD

Additionally, it is also estimated that people with ADHD are roughly six times more likely to experiencepost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)than those without it.

The reasons for this vary; however, it is thought to result from ADHD increasing an individual’s likelihood of rejection, social isolation, and the negative bias sometimes directed toward them.

There is some evidence to suggest that there are specific genetic risk factors that are common to both ADHD and PTSD that may cause this, such as polymorphisms of the cannabinoid receptor gene and dopamine transporter gene.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of PTSD

Trauma, traumatic events and PTSD can exacerbate or contribute to ADHD symptoms, which is why it is important to be mindful of their comorbidity.

For example, in children, undiagnosed PTSD has been shown to lead to the development of major depression, substance abuse and dependence, aggression, and suicide.The same study also found that it could also lead to physical comorbidities, such as irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, and chronic fatigue.

Furthermore, a recent 2020 study onalcohol use disorder(AUD) in adult inpatients found that PTSD prevalence was higher in those with ADHD—indicating a possible link between ADHD, PTSD, and alcohol abuse.

It is important to note that AUD has been found to negatively impact an individual’s health, career, finances, relationships, and life. Thus, its co-occurrence with ADHD and trauma can be detrimental and affect an individual’s ability to keep a consistent treatment plan and also lead to further health complications.

What to Know About Alcohol Use Disorder

Diagnosis of ADHD and Trauma

Therefore, medical professionals will likely do a comprehensive assessment of both conditions, which involves a comprehensive review of any symptoms and their onset, to establish a thorough historical timeline as a means to construct an accurate treatment plan.

Some of the symptoms to look out for are listed below:

Overlapping Symptoms

General Symptoms Unique to ADHD

General Symptoms Unique to Trauma

What to Know About Traumatic Shock

Treatment of ADHD and Trauma

While there is no specific treatment method available for treating ADHD and trauma, a multifactorial treatment approach is the most beneficial.

This involves treating ADHD and trauma symptoms concurrently and adjusting the treatment plan as and when necessary—according to a person’s unique circumstances.

Medication

Zoloft and Paxil

Regarding PTSD, they are effective at helping people manage their symptoms. Additionally, SNRIs orserotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitorshave also been found effective, though more research in this area is needed for more alternatives.

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy Types and Techniques

Coping With ADHD and Trauma

In addition to medication and psychotherapy, other various coping mechanisms can also be implemented to help with ADHD and trauma. These include:

Additionally, there are resources in local and online communities that can point people toward support groups, classes, and community meetings. Not only do these help individuals feel less isolated, but they can also further help them discover emerging treatment options and specialized providers.

A Word From Verywell

While ADHD and trauma are linked, it’s important to remember that there are many ways to help you manage your symptoms and customize your treatment plan. It is essential to discuss any changes with your medical provider first; however, it is also important to remember that it is possible to live a life of well-being with either condition.

Signs of Childhood Trauma in Adults

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Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

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