Physiological Symptoms of Stress

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsPhysiological Symptoms of StressMedical Conditions Associated With StressHow to Reduce Stress

Table of ContentsView All

View All

Table of Contents

Physiological Symptoms of Stress

Medical Conditions Associated With Stress

How to Reduce Stress

As a defense, the body produces chemical reactions that prepare it to respond in the moment,,like an increase inblood pressure, altered breathing, andmuscle tension.

The body is built to undergo the reactions tostress, but when stress is chronic, it can place more pressure on the body than usual. The body can react tochronic stressin multiple ways. For example, sometimes, a person doesn’t realize how stressed they are until it begins to expose itself in the form of physiological symptoms.

This article discusses some of thephysiological symptoms associated with stress.

Below you will find a few physiological symptoms that may accompany ongoing stress.

Fatigue

Many people suffer fromfatigue, which can be attributed to stress. Stress-related fatigue can stem from many factors, including too little sleep,burnout, overworking,anxiety, and anxiety.

A study found that one in every four participants experienced stress-related fatigue, which is more prevalent in women than men.The researchers also discovered that burnout due to stress-related fatigue is associated with factors like work demands, “little vacations or leisure time,” and working overtime.

In this study, fatigue was linked to social disadvantage, depression, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such ascigaretteuse and obesity, as well as severe medical conditions.It affects productivity and the ability to complete tasks.

Understandably, it is difficult to get much done when you constantly feel drowsy or drained.

Poor Sleep

Sleepplays an essential role in human homeostasis (i.e., stable bodily functioning).

Stress can have a significant impact on sleep quality.Insomniarelated to stress may pass after a few days but can be debilitating when it is chronic.The good news is that insomnia can be managed with healthy lifestyle practices.

Mindfulnessstress-reducing techniques can benefit those who experience difficulty sleeping due to stress. Researchers discovered that an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program improved sleep quality for cancer patients.

Headaches

Most people can say they getheadachesoccasionally, but when headaches are chronic, that could be concerning. Chronic headaches are something to check out and speak to a doctor about to ensure they aren’t a sign of an underlying condition. Commonly, headaches are a cause of stress.

Stress can predispose to the onset of a headache disorder,and increase the likelihood of developing chronic headaches or exacerbating headache symptoms.

The most common headaches aretension headachesandmigraines, both of which are associated with stress. Tension headaches may feel like a tightness in the head muscles, whereas migraines can present with a variety of symptoms, including throbbing pain in one area. About one billion people suffer from migraines.

Heart Palpitations

When experiencingheartpalpitations, it feels as if your heart is pounding or beating fast, somewhat like a fluttering sensation in your chest. These may be occurring because of stress.

According to researchers Berntson and Cacioppo, the association between stress and heart rate may be related to the fact that “stressors are often associated with an increase in sympathetic cardiac control, a decrease in parasympathetic control, or both.“These changes in cardiac control can result in altered heart rates and the experience of heart palpitations.

Keeping a log of what you are doing when palpitations occur might be beneficial in identifying any potential stressors that might be contributing.

Abdominal Pain

Researchers believe stress’s link to the gastrointestinal system is its biological interference withappetiteand thedigestivesystem’s functioning.This can result ingastrointestinal(GI) issues, like gas or constipation, that causes abdominal pain and cramps. Stress can interfere with the stomach’s inflammatory responses, increasing GI inflammation and altering the movement of the GI tract, triggering conditions likeirritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It can also affect how the body manages acid, which is why stress can trigger acid production.

Most research on stress and abdominal pain explores this connection in children. Researchers found shared experiences of abdominal pain in children and adolescents in stressful environments, especially with IBS.

Stress is a predisposition to IBS and exacerbates symptoms.Since stress is a pertinent factor in IBS symptoms, researchers believe that reducing stress can also help manage IBS symptoms.

Muscle Pain

Everyone experiencesmuscle pain, especially after a workout, when overcoming an injury, or combating viral infection. However, muscle pain can also be attributed to stress. Stress can lead to chronic muscle tension, contributing to pain.

Stress can exacerbate physiological symptoms in chronic conditions of the muscles, likefibromyalgia, which is a condition that causes muscle tenderness, joint stiffness,muscle aches, and fatigue.

Weakened Immune System

When experiencing chronic stress, you may find yourself getting sick frequently. Stress can have a significant impact on theimmunesystem’s functioning. Within the past few decades, researchers have taken an interest in stress’s effects on the immune system. Those with a greater degree of stress develop a weaker immune system, making them more likely to experience illnesses.

Literature involving the relationship between stress and cancer discovered that the depression of the immune system that chronic stress causes can contribute to the development and progression of some types of cancers.

Chronic stress has shown to be associated with a variety of medical conditions, such as those below:

Can Stress Cause High Blood Pressure?

How to Reduce the Effects of Stress

Many initiatives can be taken to reduce stress and managethe effect that it has on your life. Review the information provided below to gain insight into a few ways in which you can have a better handle on stress andavoid the physiological symptoms it may bring.

Lifestyle Factors

Below is a list of actions you can take to help alleviate your stress:

Self-Care

Making time for yourself can help to decrease some of the stress you may be dealing with:

Surrounding yourself with loved ones and friends can help bring positive energy to your life. Loved ones can also offer a listening ear when you need it:

How Social Support Contributes to Psychological Health

A Word From Verywell

If symptoms like those mentioned above come and go, try not to jump to conclusions. Sometimes the body reacts in various ways to let you know that you might need a little bit of a break. So, it is vital to manage stress and, when you begin to experience physiological symptoms, incorporate some of the practices mentioned in this article. However, if any of these symptoms continue to persist, don’t ignore them and reach out to a healthcare professional.

18 Effective Stress Relief Strategies

22 SourcesVerywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Yaribeygi H, Panahi Y, Sahraei H, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A.The impact of stress on body function: A review.EXCLI J. 2017;16:1057-1072. Published 2017 Jul 21. doi:10.17179/excli2017-480Reiche EM, Nunes SO, Morimoto HK.Stress, depression, the immune system, and cancer.Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(10):617-625. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(04)01597-9Rose DM, Seidler A, Nübling M, et al.Associations of fatigue to work-related stress, mental and physical health in an employed community sample.BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):167. Published 2017 May 5. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1237-yChristie AD, Seery E, Kent JA.Physical activity, sleep quality, and self-reported fatigue across the adult lifespan.Exp Gerontol. 2016;77:7-11. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2016.02.001Han KS, Kim L, Shim I.Stress and sleep disorder.Exp Neurobiol. 2012;21(4):141-150. doi:10.5607/en.2012.21.4.141Carlson LE, Garland SN.Impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on sleep, mood, stress and fatigue symptoms in cancer outpatients.Int J Behav Med. 2005;12(4):278-285. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm1204_9Nash JM, Thebarge RW.Understanding psychological stress, its biological processes, and impact on primary headache.Headache. 2006;46(9):1377-1386. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00580.xSchubert C, Lambertz M, Nelesen RA, Bardwell W, Choi JB, Dimsdale JE.Effects of stress on heart rate complexity–a comparison between short-term and chronic stress.Biol Psychol. 2009;80(3):325-332. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.11.005Cacioppo JT, Berntson GG.Heart rate variability: Stress and psychiatric conditions.Dynamic Electrocardiography.2004. doi:10.1002/9780470987483.ch7Devanarayana NM, Mettananda S, Liyanarachchi C, et al.Abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal diseases in children and adolescents: prevalence, symptomatology, and association with emotional stress.J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr.2011;53(6):659-665. doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182296033Qin HY, Cheng CW, Tang XD, Bian ZX.Impact of psychological stress on irritable bowel syndrome.World J Gastroenterol.2014;20(39):14126-14131. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14126Mense S.Muscle pain: mechanisms and clinical significance.Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(12):214-219. doi:10.3238/artzebl.2008.0214Gasperin D, Netuveli G, Dias-da-Costa JS, Pattussi MP.Effect of psychological stress on blood pressure increase: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25(4):715-726. doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2009000400002Bong HS, Joseph L, Michael FW.Effects of Cholesterol Reduction on BP Response to Mental Stress in Patients With High Cholesterol.American Journal of Hypertension. 1997;10(6):10;592–599. doi:10.1016/S0895-7061(97)00050-2Jena SK, Misra AK, Mohanty A.Effect of examination stress on blood sugar in medical students.CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research.2016:3(4):268-272. doi:10.4103/2348-3334.190573Ranabir S, Reetu K.Stress and hormones.Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;15(1):18-22. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.77573Stojanovich L, Marisavljevich D.Stress as a trigger of autoimmune disease.Autoimmun Rev.2008;7(3):209-213. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2007.11.007Van Houdenhove B, Egle UT.Fibromyalgia: a stress disorder? Piecing the biopsychosocial puzzle together.Psychother Psychosom.2004;73(5):267-275. doi:10.1159/000078843Edman JS, Greeson JM, Roberts RS, et al.Perceived Stress in Patients with Common Gastrointestinal Disorders: Associations with Quality of Life, Symptoms and Disease Management.Explore (NY).2017;13(2):124-128. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2016.12.005Justice NJ.The relationship between stress and Alzheimer’s disease.Neurobiol Stress. 2018;8:127-133. Published 2018 Apr 21. doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.04.002Cheung T, Yip PS.Depression, Anxiety and Symptoms of Stress among Hong Kong Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(9):11072-11100. doi:10.3390/ijerph120911072Razazian N, Kazeminia M, Moayedi H, et al.The impact of physical exercise on the fatigue symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Neurol. 2020;20(1):93. Published 2020 Mar 13. doi:10.1186/s12883-020-01654-y

22 Sources

Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Yaribeygi H, Panahi Y, Sahraei H, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A.The impact of stress on body function: A review.EXCLI J. 2017;16:1057-1072. Published 2017 Jul 21. doi:10.17179/excli2017-480Reiche EM, Nunes SO, Morimoto HK.Stress, depression, the immune system, and cancer.Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(10):617-625. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(04)01597-9Rose DM, Seidler A, Nübling M, et al.Associations of fatigue to work-related stress, mental and physical health in an employed community sample.BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):167. Published 2017 May 5. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1237-yChristie AD, Seery E, Kent JA.Physical activity, sleep quality, and self-reported fatigue across the adult lifespan.Exp Gerontol. 2016;77:7-11. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2016.02.001Han KS, Kim L, Shim I.Stress and sleep disorder.Exp Neurobiol. 2012;21(4):141-150. doi:10.5607/en.2012.21.4.141Carlson LE, Garland SN.Impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on sleep, mood, stress and fatigue symptoms in cancer outpatients.Int J Behav Med. 2005;12(4):278-285. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm1204_9Nash JM, Thebarge RW.Understanding psychological stress, its biological processes, and impact on primary headache.Headache. 2006;46(9):1377-1386. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00580.xSchubert C, Lambertz M, Nelesen RA, Bardwell W, Choi JB, Dimsdale JE.Effects of stress on heart rate complexity–a comparison between short-term and chronic stress.Biol Psychol. 2009;80(3):325-332. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.11.005Cacioppo JT, Berntson GG.Heart rate variability: Stress and psychiatric conditions.Dynamic Electrocardiography.2004. doi:10.1002/9780470987483.ch7Devanarayana NM, Mettananda S, Liyanarachchi C, et al.Abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal diseases in children and adolescents: prevalence, symptomatology, and association with emotional stress.J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr.2011;53(6):659-665. doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182296033Qin HY, Cheng CW, Tang XD, Bian ZX.Impact of psychological stress on irritable bowel syndrome.World J Gastroenterol.2014;20(39):14126-14131. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14126Mense S.Muscle pain: mechanisms and clinical significance.Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(12):214-219. doi:10.3238/artzebl.2008.0214Gasperin D, Netuveli G, Dias-da-Costa JS, Pattussi MP.Effect of psychological stress on blood pressure increase: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25(4):715-726. doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2009000400002Bong HS, Joseph L, Michael FW.Effects of Cholesterol Reduction on BP Response to Mental Stress in Patients With High Cholesterol.American Journal of Hypertension. 1997;10(6):10;592–599. doi:10.1016/S0895-7061(97)00050-2Jena SK, Misra AK, Mohanty A.Effect of examination stress on blood sugar in medical students.CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research.2016:3(4):268-272. doi:10.4103/2348-3334.190573Ranabir S, Reetu K.Stress and hormones.Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;15(1):18-22. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.77573Stojanovich L, Marisavljevich D.Stress as a trigger of autoimmune disease.Autoimmun Rev.2008;7(3):209-213. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2007.11.007Van Houdenhove B, Egle UT.Fibromyalgia: a stress disorder? Piecing the biopsychosocial puzzle together.Psychother Psychosom.2004;73(5):267-275. doi:10.1159/000078843Edman JS, Greeson JM, Roberts RS, et al.Perceived Stress in Patients with Common Gastrointestinal Disorders: Associations with Quality of Life, Symptoms and Disease Management.Explore (NY).2017;13(2):124-128. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2016.12.005Justice NJ.The relationship between stress and Alzheimer’s disease.Neurobiol Stress. 2018;8:127-133. Published 2018 Apr 21. doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.04.002Cheung T, Yip PS.Depression, Anxiety and Symptoms of Stress among Hong Kong Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(9):11072-11100. doi:10.3390/ijerph120911072Razazian N, Kazeminia M, Moayedi H, et al.The impact of physical exercise on the fatigue symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Neurol. 2020;20(1):93. Published 2020 Mar 13. doi:10.1186/s12883-020-01654-y

Yaribeygi H, Panahi Y, Sahraei H, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A.The impact of stress on body function: A review.EXCLI J. 2017;16:1057-1072. Published 2017 Jul 21. doi:10.17179/excli2017-480Reiche EM, Nunes SO, Morimoto HK.Stress, depression, the immune system, and cancer.Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(10):617-625. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(04)01597-9Rose DM, Seidler A, Nübling M, et al.Associations of fatigue to work-related stress, mental and physical health in an employed community sample.BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):167. Published 2017 May 5. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1237-yChristie AD, Seery E, Kent JA.Physical activity, sleep quality, and self-reported fatigue across the adult lifespan.Exp Gerontol. 2016;77:7-11. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2016.02.001Han KS, Kim L, Shim I.Stress and sleep disorder.Exp Neurobiol. 2012;21(4):141-150. doi:10.5607/en.2012.21.4.141Carlson LE, Garland SN.Impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on sleep, mood, stress and fatigue symptoms in cancer outpatients.Int J Behav Med. 2005;12(4):278-285. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm1204_9Nash JM, Thebarge RW.Understanding psychological stress, its biological processes, and impact on primary headache.Headache. 2006;46(9):1377-1386. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00580.xSchubert C, Lambertz M, Nelesen RA, Bardwell W, Choi JB, Dimsdale JE.Effects of stress on heart rate complexity–a comparison between short-term and chronic stress.Biol Psychol. 2009;80(3):325-332. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.11.005Cacioppo JT, Berntson GG.Heart rate variability: Stress and psychiatric conditions.Dynamic Electrocardiography.2004. doi:10.1002/9780470987483.ch7Devanarayana NM, Mettananda S, Liyanarachchi C, et al.Abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal diseases in children and adolescents: prevalence, symptomatology, and association with emotional stress.J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr.2011;53(6):659-665. doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182296033Qin HY, Cheng CW, Tang XD, Bian ZX.Impact of psychological stress on irritable bowel syndrome.World J Gastroenterol.2014;20(39):14126-14131. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14126Mense S.Muscle pain: mechanisms and clinical significance.Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(12):214-219. doi:10.3238/artzebl.2008.0214Gasperin D, Netuveli G, Dias-da-Costa JS, Pattussi MP.Effect of psychological stress on blood pressure increase: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25(4):715-726. doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2009000400002Bong HS, Joseph L, Michael FW.Effects of Cholesterol Reduction on BP Response to Mental Stress in Patients With High Cholesterol.American Journal of Hypertension. 1997;10(6):10;592–599. doi:10.1016/S0895-7061(97)00050-2Jena SK, Misra AK, Mohanty A.Effect of examination stress on blood sugar in medical students.CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research.2016:3(4):268-272. doi:10.4103/2348-3334.190573Ranabir S, Reetu K.Stress and hormones.Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;15(1):18-22. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.77573Stojanovich L, Marisavljevich D.Stress as a trigger of autoimmune disease.Autoimmun Rev.2008;7(3):209-213. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2007.11.007Van Houdenhove B, Egle UT.Fibromyalgia: a stress disorder? Piecing the biopsychosocial puzzle together.Psychother Psychosom.2004;73(5):267-275. doi:10.1159/000078843Edman JS, Greeson JM, Roberts RS, et al.Perceived Stress in Patients with Common Gastrointestinal Disorders: Associations with Quality of Life, Symptoms and Disease Management.Explore (NY).2017;13(2):124-128. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2016.12.005Justice NJ.The relationship between stress and Alzheimer’s disease.Neurobiol Stress. 2018;8:127-133. Published 2018 Apr 21. doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.04.002Cheung T, Yip PS.Depression, Anxiety and Symptoms of Stress among Hong Kong Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(9):11072-11100. doi:10.3390/ijerph120911072Razazian N, Kazeminia M, Moayedi H, et al.The impact of physical exercise on the fatigue symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Neurol. 2020;20(1):93. Published 2020 Mar 13. doi:10.1186/s12883-020-01654-y

Yaribeygi H, Panahi Y, Sahraei H, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A.The impact of stress on body function: A review.EXCLI J. 2017;16:1057-1072. Published 2017 Jul 21. doi:10.17179/excli2017-480

Reiche EM, Nunes SO, Morimoto HK.Stress, depression, the immune system, and cancer.Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(10):617-625. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(04)01597-9

Rose DM, Seidler A, Nübling M, et al.Associations of fatigue to work-related stress, mental and physical health in an employed community sample.BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):167. Published 2017 May 5. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1237-y

Christie AD, Seery E, Kent JA.Physical activity, sleep quality, and self-reported fatigue across the adult lifespan.Exp Gerontol. 2016;77:7-11. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2016.02.001

Han KS, Kim L, Shim I.Stress and sleep disorder.Exp Neurobiol. 2012;21(4):141-150. doi:10.5607/en.2012.21.4.141

Carlson LE, Garland SN.Impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on sleep, mood, stress and fatigue symptoms in cancer outpatients.Int J Behav Med. 2005;12(4):278-285. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm1204_9

Nash JM, Thebarge RW.Understanding psychological stress, its biological processes, and impact on primary headache.Headache. 2006;46(9):1377-1386. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00580.x

Schubert C, Lambertz M, Nelesen RA, Bardwell W, Choi JB, Dimsdale JE.Effects of stress on heart rate complexity–a comparison between short-term and chronic stress.Biol Psychol. 2009;80(3):325-332. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.11.005

Cacioppo JT, Berntson GG.Heart rate variability: Stress and psychiatric conditions.Dynamic Electrocardiography.2004. doi:10.1002/9780470987483.ch7

Devanarayana NM, Mettananda S, Liyanarachchi C, et al.Abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal diseases in children and adolescents: prevalence, symptomatology, and association with emotional stress.J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr.2011;53(6):659-665. doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182296033

Qin HY, Cheng CW, Tang XD, Bian ZX.Impact of psychological stress on irritable bowel syndrome.World J Gastroenterol.2014;20(39):14126-14131. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14126

Mense S.Muscle pain: mechanisms and clinical significance.Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(12):214-219. doi:10.3238/artzebl.2008.0214

Gasperin D, Netuveli G, Dias-da-Costa JS, Pattussi MP.Effect of psychological stress on blood pressure increase: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25(4):715-726. doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2009000400002

Bong HS, Joseph L, Michael FW.Effects of Cholesterol Reduction on BP Response to Mental Stress in Patients With High Cholesterol.American Journal of Hypertension. 1997;10(6):10;592–599. doi:10.1016/S0895-7061(97)00050-2

Jena SK, Misra AK, Mohanty A.Effect of examination stress on blood sugar in medical students.CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research.2016:3(4):268-272. doi:10.4103/2348-3334.190573

Ranabir S, Reetu K.Stress and hormones.Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;15(1):18-22. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.77573

Stojanovich L, Marisavljevich D.Stress as a trigger of autoimmune disease.Autoimmun Rev.2008;7(3):209-213. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2007.11.007

Van Houdenhove B, Egle UT.Fibromyalgia: a stress disorder? Piecing the biopsychosocial puzzle together.Psychother Psychosom.2004;73(5):267-275. doi:10.1159/000078843

Edman JS, Greeson JM, Roberts RS, et al.Perceived Stress in Patients with Common Gastrointestinal Disorders: Associations with Quality of Life, Symptoms and Disease Management.Explore (NY).2017;13(2):124-128. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2016.12.005

Justice NJ.The relationship between stress and Alzheimer’s disease.Neurobiol Stress. 2018;8:127-133. Published 2018 Apr 21. doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.04.002

Cheung T, Yip PS.Depression, Anxiety and Symptoms of Stress among Hong Kong Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(9):11072-11100. doi:10.3390/ijerph120911072

Razazian N, Kazeminia M, Moayedi H, et al.The impact of physical exercise on the fatigue symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Neurol. 2020;20(1):93. Published 2020 Mar 13. doi:10.1186/s12883-020-01654-y

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Fatigue#

Poor Sleep#

Headaches#

Heart Palpitations#

Abdominal Pain#

Muscle Pain#

Weakened Immune System#

How to Reduce the Effects of Stress#

Lifestyle Factors#

Self-Care#

Social Support#

A Word From Verywell#