Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsControl Group vs. Experimental GroupImportanceTypes of Control GroupsExamplesUses Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Control Group vs. Experimental Group Importance Types of Control Groups Examples Uses Close In simple terms, the control group comprises participants who do not receive the experimental treatment. When conducting an experiment, these people are randomly assigned to this group. They also closely resemble the participants who are in the experimental group or the individuals who receive the treatment....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhat Is a Correlation Coefficient?TypesScatter Plots and CorrelationStrong vs. Weak CorrelationsCorrelation Does Not Equal CausationIllusory CorrelationsFrequently Asked Questions Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What Is a Correlation Coefficient? Types Scatter Plots and Correlation Strong vs. Weak Correlations Correlation Does Not Equal Causation Illusory Correlations Frequently Asked Questions Close A correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables. This does not imply, however, that there is necessarily a cause or effect relationship between them....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhat Is Crack Cocaine?Signs and SymptomsCausesEffectsHealth RisksDiagnosisTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What Is Crack Cocaine? Signs and Symptoms Causes Effects Health Risks Diagnosis Treatment Crack addiction refers to a substance use disorder where an individual is physiologically dependent on the substance; they lose control over their use and continue to use the substance despite negative consequences, saysJeanette Tetrault, MD, an addiction medicine specialist at Yale Medicine....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhat Crisis MeansTypes of CrisesSigns of CrisesWhat to DoHelping Others Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What Crisis Means Types of Crises Signs of Crises What to Do Helping Others Close At A Glance A crisis in mental health refers to a person’s reaction to a traumatic situation or event. People respond to crises in different ways, but there is no “right way” to react....

Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What Is a Cult of Personality? History The Charismatic Leader Breaking Free Close A cult of personality, sometimes referred to as a personality cult, is defined as “exaggerated devotion to a charismatic political, religious, or other leader.” Leaders of cults of personality often use imagery and themanipulation of mass mediato form an exalted, even superhuman, version of their persona in the minds of their followers....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsHow to Recognize a CultWhy People Join CultsFamous Examples of Cults Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents How to Recognize a Cult Why People Join Cults Famous Examples of Cults Close Studying cults is difficult for a few different reasons. It’s nearly impossible to study active cult members due to their unwillingness to let others into their closed societies. Quite often, they are suspicious of outsiders....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsIndependent vs. DependentSelection FeaturesExamplesFrequently Asked Questions Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Independent vs. Dependent Selection Features Examples Frequently Asked Questions Close The dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or tested in an experiment.This is different than theindependent variable, which is a variable that stands on its own. For example, in a study looking at how tutoring impacts test scores, the dependent variable would be the participants' test scores since that is what is being measured and the independent variable would be tutoring....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsDopamine Agonists vs. AntagonistsTypes of Dopamine AgonistsUsesImpactPotential Pitfalls Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Dopamine Agonists vs. Antagonists Types of Dopamine Agonists Uses Impact Potential Pitfalls Close A dopamine agonist is a type of medication that binds todopaminereceptors in the brain and mimics the actions of dopamine. Dopamine is an importantneurotransmitterthat plays a role in a variety of mental functions. Dopamine levels can have an impact on mood, memory, and behavior....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsCausesDiagnosisTreatmentCoping Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping A dual diagnosis, also referred to as a co-occurring disorder, is when a person is diagnosed with both a mental health disorder and a substance use disorder.An example of a dual diagnosis is having an alcohol or drug use disorder along with a mental health condition such as a mood or anxiety disorder, saysDana Cavallo, PhD, assistant professor of psychiatry at Yale School of Medicine....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsTypes of Sleep DisordersTypes of DyssomniasSymptomsDiagnosisTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Types of Sleep Disorders Types of Dyssomnias Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Close Dyssomnias are a group of sleep disorders that affect the timing, quality, or quantity of sleep. Sleep disorders, also known as sleep-wake disorders, include over 80 different conditions with varied symptoms.Dyssomniasare one group of sleep disorders. To understand which types of conditions are grouped under dyssomnias, it can be helpful to understand how the various types of sleep disorders are classified....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsTypes of FetishesWhy People Have FetishesWhen Is a Fetish a Problem?Treatments for FetisishmIncorporating a Fetish Into Your Relationship Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Types of Fetishes Why People Have Fetishes When Is a Fetish a Problem? Treatments for Fetisishm Incorporating a Fetish Into Your Relationship Close A fetish is an inanimate object or non-sexual part of the body that arouses sexual desire....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhat It IsHow It WorksExamplesEffectiveness Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What It Is How It Works Examples Effectiveness Close In operant conditioning, a fixed-ratio schedule is aschedule of reinforcementwhere a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses. One advantage of a fixed-ratio schedule is that it produces a high, steady rate of responding with only a brief pause after the delivery of the reinforcer....

Close Understanding how often things happen can be important when researchers are investigating a problem or phenomenon. To learn more, they may use a type of descriptivestatisticknown as a frequency distribution. A frequency distribution, also known as a frequency table, summarizes how often different scores occur within a sample of scores. Frequency distributions are presented as a table with each category on the left and the number of each occurrence on the bottom....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsIQ Scale BreakdownKey TermsInterpretationWhat IQ Tests MeasureFrequently Asked Questions Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents IQ Scale Breakdown Key Terms Interpretation What IQ Tests Measure Frequently Asked Questions Close People often talk about very highintelligence quotient(IQ) scores, often referred to as genius IQ scores, but what exactly do these numbers mean and how do they stack up? How do IQ scales break down scores into different IQ levels?...

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsHow a Genogram WorksHistory of GenogramsHow Genograms Are ConstructedHow Are Genograms Used?Benefits of Using GenogramsTips for Using a GenogramWhen to Use a Genogram Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents How a Genogram Works History of Genograms How Genograms Are Constructed How Are Genograms Used? Benefits of Using Genograms Tips for Using a Genogram When to Use a Genogram Close A genogram is a visual representation of a family tree that provides important details about the relationships between family members....